Understanding Included Bark
- Jerret Myers
- 1 day ago
- 4 min read
Trees are living structures that face many challenges as they grow. One hidden problem that can weaken a tree’s strength is included bark. This issue often goes unnoticed until it results in tree failure. Understanding included bark, how it forms, and its effects on a tree’s structural integrity can help you protect your trees and property.
Included bark is a condition where bark grows inward between two branches or stems instead of outward along the trunk or branch surface. This inward growth creates a weak union because the bark prevents the wood from properly fusing together. Over time, this weak connection can lead to cracks, splits, or even branch failure, especially during storms or heavy winds.
What Is Included Bark?
Included bark forms at the junction where two branches or stems meet. Normally, branches grow outward from the trunk, and the wood fibers from each branch interlock to form a strong union. When included bark is present, the bark becomes trapped inside the union, creating a wedge of bark between the two branches.
This trapped bark stops the wood from growing together properly. Instead of a solid wood connection, the union contains bark tissue, which is much weaker and cannot support the same weight or stress. This condition is sometimes called a “bark inclusion” or “bark union.”
How Included Bark Forms
Included bark usually develops when two branches grow very close together at a narrow angle, envision a "V"-shaped union. This narrow angle causes the bark to be compressed and pushed inward as the branches expand. The bark becomes trapped between the branches instead of being pushed outward.
Several factors contribute to the formation of included bark:
Narrow branch angles: Branches that grow at angles less than 30 degrees are more likely to develop included bark.
Fast growth: Rapidly growing trees or branches can trap bark before the wood has a chance to fuse.
Tree species: Some species, like maples, cherries, and crabapples, are more prone to included bark.
Crowded branching: Trees with many branches growing close together increase the chance of bark inclusion.
Why Included Bark Is a Problem for Trees
Included bark creates a weak point in the tree’s structure. Because the bark tissue does not fuse like wood, the union cannot support heavy loads or resist strong forces. This weakness can lead to several issues:
Branch failure: Branches with included bark are more likely to break off during storms, heavy snow, or ice.
Cracks and splits: The weak union can develop cracks that allow pests and diseases to enter the tree.
Tree safety hazards: Falling branches can cause property damage or injury.
Reduced tree lifespan: Repeated damage and decay can shorten the life of the tree.
How to Identify Included Bark in Your Trees
Spotting included bark early can help you take action before serious damage occurs. Here are some signs to look for:
Narrow branch angles: Look for branches that join the trunk or other branches at very sharp angles.
Visible bark in the union: Check if you can see bark wedged between two branches instead of smooth wood.
Cracks or splits: Look for cracks starting at the branch union, especially if they follow the line of the bark inclusion.
Swelling or bulging: The area around the included bark may appear swollen or bulged due to trapped bark.
Weak attachment: Gently test the branch for movement; included bark unions often feel loose or unstable.
If you notice any of these signs, it’s a good idea to have a professional assess the tree’s condition.
What to Do If You Find Included Bark
If included bark is present, you have several options depending on the severity:
Prune early: Removing branches with narrow angles when the tree is young can prevent included bark from forming.
Selective pruning: For mature trees, pruning smaller branches to reduce weight and stress on the weak union can help.
Cabling and bracing: Installing support systems can reduce the risk of branch failure in trees with included bark.
Tree removal: In cases where the included bark has caused severe damage or the tree poses a safety risk, removal may be necessary.
Why You Should Contact Antrim Tree Service
Included bark can be difficult to identify and manage without expert knowledge. Antrim Tree Service offers professional tree assessments to detect included bark and other structural issues. Our arborists use industry best practices to evaluate your trees and recommend the safest, most effective solutions.
Don’t wait until a branch breaks or a tree falls. Contact Antrim Tree Service today for a thorough inspection and peace of mind. Protect your trees, your property, and your loved ones by addressing included bark before it becomes a hazard.
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